Curbside Consultation in Retina: 49 Clinical Questions, Second Edition

• Anything coming down the pike yet for dry age-related macular degeneration?  
• How long are we going to have to keep doing frequent intravitreal injections -- Any other options anytime soon? What are we waiting for?
• What is hemorrhagic occlusive retinal vasculitis and why do I need to know about it?
• Are we ever going to use stem cells? For what? What’s the scoop?
• I just can’t keep up with all of the clinical trial acronyms. Can you tell me what study each refers to?
• What systemic medications require periodic fundus evaluation, what am I looking for, and what tests do I do?
• Explain all of these new anticoagulants to me. Should I consider stopping them preoperatively?

Dedication

Acknowledgments

About the Editor

About the Associate Editors

Contributing Authors

Preface

Foreword by Jennifer I. Lim, MD, FARVO

Introduction

Question 1           What Is Hemorrhagic Occlusive Retinal Vasculitis, and Why Do I Need to
                               Know About It?

                               James A. Stefater, MD, PhD and Dean Eliott, MD

Question 2           How Do I Counsel My Patients With Dry Age-Related Macular
                               Degeneration and What About Various Vitamin Supplements?

                               T. Y. Alvin Liu, MD and Catherine B. Meyerle, MD

Question 3           What Are the Age-Related Macular Degeneration Look-Alikes? Do I Treat
                               Them Any Differently?

                               Kaivon Pakzad-Vaezi, MD and Kathryn L. Pepple, MD, PhD

Question 4           How Long Are We Going to Have to Keep Doing Frequent Intravitreal
                               Injections—Any Other Options Anytime Soon? What Are We
                               Waiting For?

                               Margaret A. Greven, MD and Diana V. Do, MD

Question 5           Anything Coming Down the Pike yet for Dry Age-Related Macular
                               Degeneration?

                               Jose Mauricio Botto Garcia, MD, MSc and Philip J. Rosenfeld, MD, PhD

Question 6           Are We Ever Going to Use Stem Cells? For What? What’s the Scoop?

                               Steven D. Schwartz, MD

Question 7           What Is the Easiest Way to Do a Good B-Scan?

                               Cathy DiBernardo, CDOS

Question 8           When Do I Refer a Patient With a Branch Retinal Artery Occlusion or
                               Central Retinal Artery Occlusion, What Is the Work-Up, and What Are
                               the Treatment Options?

                               Todd R. Klesert, MD, PhD

Question 9           What Do I Do When I See a Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion?

                               Andrew M. Hendrick, MD and Michael S. Ip, MD

Question 10         When Do I Refer a Patient With a Central Retinal Vein Occlusion, What
                               Is the Work-Up, and What Are the Treatment Options?

                               Richard F. Spaide, MD

Question 11         What Visualization Agents Are Used During Vitrectomy Surgery? And
                               Wait, Tell Me About the Intraocular Tamponade Options!

                               Sean M. Platt, MD and Sophie J. Bakri, MD

Question 12         What Type of Intraocular Lens Should Be Considered in an Eye With
                               Vitreoretinal Disease?

                               Marina Gilca, MD and Kourous A. Rezaei, MD

Question 13         I Just Can’t Keep Up With All of the Clinical Trial Acronyms. Can You Tell
                               Me What Study Each Refers To?

                               A. Yasin Alibhai, MD and Nadia K. Waheed, MD, MPH

Question 14         How Do I Figure Out Whether or Not My Patient Has a Posterior Vitreous
                               Detachment? Does There Have to Be a Weiss Ring to Make
                               the Diagnosis?

                               Stephen G. Schwartz, MD, MBA; Harry W. Flynn, Jr., MD; and
                               Ingrid U. Scott, MD, MPH

Question 15         How Soon Should a Patient With Floaters Be Examined and How Should I
                               Manage a Patient With an Acute Posterior Vitreous Detachment?

                               Karen M. Gehrs, MD

Question 16         How Do I Differentiate All of Those White Dot Syndromes?

                               Arthi Venkat, MD and Sunil K. Srivastava, MD

Question 17         How Do I Work Up and Manage a Patient With a White-Centered
                               Retinal Hemorrhage?

                               Seema Garg, MD, PhD

Question 18         How Do I Manage a Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage?

                               Odette Margit Houghton, MD and Nicholas Farber, MD

Question 19         When Should I Suspect Endophthalmitis in My Postoperative Cataract
                               Patient and What Are the Treatment Options?

                               Bernard H. Doft, MD

Question 20         How Do I Follow a Patient With a Presumed Choroidal Nevus?

                               Matthew A. Powers, MD, MBA and Prithvi Mruthyunjaya, MD, MHS

Question 21         How Do I Distinguish One Pigmented Lesion From Another?

                               Amy C. Schefler, MD and Ryan S. Kim, BA

Question 22         How Do I Work Up and Manage a Patient With a Vitreous
                               Hemorrhage?

                               Pauline T. Merrill, MD and Marina Gilca, MD

Question 23         What Is Fundus Autofluorescence? Do I Need to Add It to My Imaging
                               Options?

                               Amani A. Fawzi, MD and Philipp Roberts, MD, PhD

Question 24         What Additional Information Can I Get From Ultra-Widefield Fluorescein
                               Angiography That I Can’t Get From a 30-Degree Angiogram?

                               Jeremy A. Lavine, MD, PhD and Justis P. Ehlers, MD

Question 25         What Imaging Options Are There to Detect an Intraocular Foreign Body?
                               When Do I Get Which One?

                               Daniel G. Cherfan, MD and Sumit Sharma, MD

Question 26         Why Would I Want to Look at Choroidal Thickness on Optical Coherence
                               Tomography?

                               Glenn Yiu, MD, PhD

Question 27         When Should I Refer a Patient With an Epiretinal Membrane and What
                               if There Is Associated Cystoid Macular Edema? 

                               Gaurav K. Shah, MD and Daniel Connors, MD

Question 28         How Do I Differentiate a Macular Hole From a Lamellar Hole From an
                               Epiretinal Membrane With a Pseudohole, and Why Do I Care?

                               SriniVas R. Sadda, MD

Question 29         What Is Micropulse Laser and What Can It Be Used For?

                               Scott D. Walter, MD, MSc

Question 30         What Is The Treatment Paradigm for Postoperative Pseudophakic
                               Macular Edema?

                               Felipe F. Conti, MD; Fabiana Q. Silva, MD; and Rishi P. Singh, MD

Question 31         What Is Dyeless Angiography (Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography)
                               And What Do I Need To Know About It? Will It Replace Fluorescein
                               Angiography?

                               Thomas Hwang, MD and Yali Jia, PhD

Question 32         Central Serous? What Now? Management Options for
                               Central Serous Retinopathy

                               Lisa C. Olmos de Koo, MD, MBA

Question 33         What Systemic Medications Require Periodic Fundus Evaluation? What
                               Am I Looking for and What Tests Do I Do?

                               Michael T. Andreoli, MD and William F. Mieler, MD

Question 34         Should I Send a Patient With a Large Chronic Macular Hole to a Retina
                               Doctor? Do They Even Operate on Those?

                               Avni P. Finn, MD, MBA and Tamer H. Mahmoud, MD, PhD

Question 35         Explain All of These New Anticoagulants to Me. Should I Consider
                               Stopping Them Preoperatively?

                               Elizabeth Verner-Cole, MD and Phoebe Lin, MD, PhD

Question 36         When Should Cataract Surgery Be Performed if a Vitrectomy Is
                               Planned—Before, During, or After?

                               Michael I. Seider, MD and Amar Patel, MD

Question 37         What Should I Tell a Patient With Retinitis Pigmentosa About Prognosis
                               and Should I Prescribe Vitamin A or Other Supplements?

                               Jackson Abou Chehade, MD and Raymond Iezzi, MD, MS

Question 38         Why Should I Send My Retinal Degeneration Patients to Specialists if
                               There Is No Cure for Their Condition?

                               Alessandro Iannaccone, MD, MS, FARVO

Question 39         What Is the Artificial Retinal Prosthesis (Argus II Implant) and Who
                               Would Be a Good Candidate for It?

                               Paul Hahn, MD, PhD

Question 40         How Do You Differentiate Between Retinoschisis and
                               Retinal Detachment?

                               Scott Ketner, MD and Ron A. Adelman, MD, MPH, MBA, FARVO

Question 41         What Systemic Conditions Are Associated With an Increased Risk of
                               Retinal Detachment? What Should I Do About It?

                               Joseph N. Martel, MD and Mallika Doss, MD

Question 42         What Retinal Findings Should Be Treated Before Cataract Surgery,
                               Refractive Surgery, or Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser?

                               Franco M. Recchia, MD

Question 43         Do Chronic Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments Need
                               Surgical Repair?

                               Charles C. Wykoff, MD, PhD; Harry W. Flynn, Jr., MD; and
                               Nidhi Relhan Batra, MD

Question 44         Should I Use Jetrea or a Gas Bubble or Just Do a Vitrectomy for
                               Vitreomacular Traction?

                               Michael N. Cohen, MD and Caroline R. Baumal, MD

Question 45         When Should a Patient With Diabetic Retinopathy Be Considered
                               for a Vitrectomy?

                               Ronald C. Gentile, MD, FACS, FASRS and Alexander Barash, MD

Question 46         How Do I Follow a Patient Who Has Diabetes and Becomes Pregnant?
                               What Tests Can I Do?

                               Judy E. Kim, MD and Alessa Crossan, MD

Question 47         How Long Should I Wait to Perform Cataract Surgery After Treatment of
                               Diabetic Macular Edema or Retinopathy?

                               Linda A. Lam, MD, MBA

Question 48         I Saw Some Retinal Neovascularization but My Patient Does Not Have
                               Diabetes, so What Else Can It Be?

                               Brian E. Goldhagen, MD

Question 49         When Should I Consider Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
                               Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity?

                               Yoshihiro Yonekawa, MD and Kimberly A. Drenser, MD, PhD

Financial Disclosures

Index