Chapter 1: History and Applications of Femtosecond Lasers |
| | Principles of Laser-Matter Interaction |
| | Femtosecond Lasers |
| | | Applications of Femtosecond Lasers |
| Chapter 2: Femtosecond Lasers in Corneal Surgery |
| | Introduction |
| | Mechanism of Corneal Femtodissection |
| | Femtosecond Laser Systems for Corneal Femtodissection |
| | Femtosecond LASIK Flap |
| | Femtosecond Channels for Intracorneal Ring Segments |
| | Femtosecond Corneal Transplantation and Other Procedures |
Chapter 3. Principles of Femtodynamics |
| | Overview |
| | Centration Process |
| | Quality of Dissection |
| | Opaque Bubble Layer |
| | | What Is OBL and Where Does it Come From? |
| | | OBL Due to High Energy |
| | | OBL Due to Low Energy |
| | | OBL as a Guide for Optimizing Laser Settings and Procedure Techniques |
| | Postoperative Findings |
Chapter 4. LASIK With AMO Femtosecond Lasers: Laser Settings |
| | Technical Features of AMO Laser Systems (Intralase and iFS) |
| | Overview of Laser Settings for LASIK Flap Creation |
| | Pocket Specifications |
| | | Overview |
| | | Pocket On/Off |
| | | Pocket Depth |
| | | Pocket Width |
| | | Pocket-Flap Overlap |
| | | Pocket Ramp |
| | | Spot Separation |
| | | Pocket Energy |
| | | Pocket Position |
| | Hinge Parameters |
| | | Overview |
| | | Hinge Angle |
| | | Hinge Position |
| | Flap Bed Parameters |
| | | Overview |
| | | Flap Bed Laser Pulse (Spot and Line) Separation |
| | | Flap Bed (Raster) Energy |
| | | Flap Diameter |
| | | Flap Thickness |
| | | Flap Thickness in Corneas With Scars and Epithelial Basement Membrane Dystrophy |
| | Flap Side Cut Parameters |
| | | Side Cut Angle |
| | | Side Cut Energy |
Chapter 5. LASIK With AMO Femtosecond Lasers: LASIK Procedure Techniques |
| | Overview |
| | Positioning the Suction Ring |
| | | Overview |
| | | Centering on the Line of Sight |
| | | Strategies for Maximizing Stromal Bed Exposure in Eyes With Decentered Line of Sight |
| | Docking the Applanation Cone |
| | | Overview |
| | | Head and Eye Position |
| | | Applanation |
| | | Avoiding Parallax Error During Docking (Contributed by Barry S. Seibel, MD) |
| | | Meniscus |
| | | Avoiding False Meniscus |
| | Fine-Tuning Flap Centration on the Video Display |
| | | Moving the Pocket Close to the Meniscus |
| | | Centering the Flap on the Optical Zone |
| | Lifting the Flap |
| | | General Principles |
| | | Two-Step Technique |
| | | One-Step Technique |
| | Repositioning the Flap |
| | | General Principles |
| | | Technique 1 |
| | | Technique 2 |
| | | Repositioning the Flap if Stretch Striae are Present |
| | | Enhancement Techniques |
Chapter 6. LASIK With AMO Femtosecond Lasers: Getting Started |
| | Overview |
| | Mastering Applanation |
| | Mastering Flap Lift |
| | Optimizing Energy Settings: Where to Begin? |
| | Postoperative Findings |
| | Summary |
Chapter 7. LASIK With AMO Femtosecond Lasers: Troubleshooting |
| | Problem 1: OBL |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | | Pocket OBL |
| | | Pocket/Bed OBL |
| | | Bed OBL |
| | | Pocket OBL |
| | | Pocket/Bed OBL |
| | | Bed OBL |
| | Problem 2: OBL in the Area of Ablation, Tracking, or Iris Registration |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 3: Difficult Flap Lift/Flap Lift in the Area With OBL |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 4: Flap Stretch |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 5: Flap Striae |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 6: Flap Tear |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 7: Peripheral Tags |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 8: OBL, Difficult Flap Lifts, and Peripheral Tags Despite |
| | | Optimized Laser Settings and Techniques |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 9: Loss of Suction |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 10: Vertical Gas Breakthrough |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 11: Horizontal Gas Breakthrough |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 12: Bubbles in the Anterior Chamber |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 13: Difficulty Tracking and Iris Registration During |
| | | Excimer Laser Ablation |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 14: Subconjunctival Hemorrhage |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 15: Decreased Visual Acuity at Postoperative Day One |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 16: Peripheral Lamellar Keratitis |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
| | Problem 17: Transient Light Sensitivity Syndrome |
| | | Causes |
| | | Solution |
Chapter 8. LASIK With Emerging Femtosecond Laser Systems |
| | Ziemer Femto LDV |
| | | Technical Features of Ziemer Femto LDV Laser System |
| | | System Settings for LASIK Flap Creation |
| | | Procedure Techniques for LASIK Flap Creation |
| | | Trouble Shooting |
| | VisuMax |
| | | Technical Features of VisuMax Laser System |
| | | Overview of LASIK Flap Creation |
| | Femtec |
| | | Technical Features of the Femtec Laser System |
| | | Overview of LASIK Flap Creation |
Chapter 9. Intracorneal Ring Segments |
| | Overview |
| | Laser Settings |
| | Procedure Techniques |
Chapter 10. IntraLase-Enabled Laser Keratoplasty (Contributed by Roger F. Steinert, MD) |
| | Overview |
| | Development |
| | Penetrating Keratoplasty |
| | | The Zig-Zag Incision Pattern |
| | | Surgical Technique |
| | Lamellar Keratoplasty |
| | | Overview |
| | | Surgical Technique |
| | Future Directions |
Chapter 11. Future of Femtosecond Laser Technology |
| | Femtosecond Lenticular Extraction |
| | Femtosecond Laser Astigmatism Correction (FLAC) |
| | Femtosecond Laser Intrastromal Correction of Presbyopia (intraCOR) |
| | Femtosecond Lens Surgery (FLeS) |
| | Femtosecond-Assisted Corneal Biopsy (FAB) |
| | Femtosecond-Assisted Limbal Stem Cell Harvesting |
| | Femtosecond Glaucoma Surgery |
| | Femtosecond-Assisted High Resolution Tissue Imaging |
| Glossary Index |